・Establishment of a selection method of good sperm by sperm head morphology・Improvements in fertility-preserving methods for patients with AYA Cancer・Elucidation of the novel pathogenesis of endometriosisOutlook for research36Research subjectResearch subjectChief: Senior Assistant Prof. Norihiko Kikuchi））Outlook for researchOutlook for students after graduationOutlook for students after graduation・Investigation of the effects of LCN2 and LCN2-related factors on EVT・Research on the mechanisms responsible for placental aging・Investigation of the utility of NRG1 as a diagnostic marker for fetal lung maturation・Research on the therapeutic effects of macrolide antibiotics in preeclampsiaWe hope that our research results lead to the establishment of screening and prevention methods for high-risk cases of HDP and IUGR. Our research results may lead to improve-ments in neonatal prognoses by establishing preterm birth prediction and prevention meth-ods and promoting fetal lung maturation.After graduating and obtaining a Ph.D. degree, foreign students have returned to their own country or worked in the USA as postdoctoral fellows.We hope that that our research results lead to the automatic sorting of good sperm, improved sperm selection accuracy, and, thus, reductions in the incidence of chromo-somal abnormalities. Improvements in fertility-preserving technologies for patients with AYA Cancer may enhance their motivation in cancer treatments.After graduating and obtaining a Ph.D. degree, foreign students have returned to their own country or worked in the USA as postdoctoral fellows.During ICSIMembers of the Placenta GroupEarly placental tissue immunostained by CK7, a marker for EVT, showed the infiltration of EVT. Cell cultures are a basic experi-mental technique that is indispens-able for functional analyses. Members of the Reproduction GroupICSIPlacenta GroupPlacenta GroupSummary of ActivityThe placenta is involved in not only the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste, but also in hormone production and immunity. These functions affect fetal growth and the maintenance of pregnancy, but have not yet been elucidat-ed in detail. The insufficient invasion of extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) to the myometrium during placental formation in early pregnancy is a major cause of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), which significantly impair maternal and fetal health. Therefore, we focus on factors that regulate the invasion of EVT. We previously reported that LCN2, an iron transporter, promoted the invasion of EVT. Furthermore, among various biologically active substances secreted from the placenta, such as hormones, we have investigated NRG1 as a factor promoting fetal lung maturation. We also examined the senescence of trophoblastic cells in the placenta, which may regu-late gestational age in approximately 280 days.Summary of ActivityParents want healthy children. In order to fulfil that wish, assisted reproductive technolo-gies (ART) such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), embryo transfer (ET), and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are familiar medical technologies; however, there are associated is-sues such as increases in the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities and malformations. Although the selection of good sperm is necessary for not only decreasing the possibility of these issues, but also increasing the success rate of ICSI, its selection is based on the experience of the technician; there are no clear selection criteria. We demonstrated the potential to identify good sperm by mathematically analyzing the morphology of the sperm head. The preservation of fertility in AYA Cancer (Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer) is of significant importance. We recently reported the successful collection of immature oocytes from an ovary removed with an ovarian tumor, pregnancy in that patient using ART, and the successful delivery of a healthy baby. （（Chief: Senior Assistant Prof. Norihiko KikuchiObstetrics and GynecologyObstetrics and GynecologyReproduction GroupReproduction Group（（Chief: Assistant Prof. Syoutarou HiguchiChief: Assistant Prof. Syoutarou Higuchi））The placenta is a mysterious organFeel the weight of life
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