信大医学部医学科研究紹介2020(英語版)
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7Toward functional regeneration of damaged brain and injured peripheral nerveSummary of ActivityThe purpose of our study is to clarify functional roles of the brain and the ner-vous system on a neuroanatomical basis. Projects are underway to reveal the functionally essential neuronal population (minimum neuron number related to a specific function) and to promote the neural and axonal regeneration in the central and peripheral nervous system. Additionally, quantification of the whole number of specific neurons is estimated by reliable stereological techniques.・Functionally essential neuronal population・Morphological and functional correlates of the various nervous system・Functional regeneration of the central olfactory tract・Functional regeneration of the peripheral nerveRecently, regenerative medicine is regarded as an effective method to repair nerve damage. It is very important to determine how many neurons or how many axon fibers are essential for maintaining the function. We aim to promote neuronal regeneration and functional recovery.In our laboratory, students can acquire the knowledge of neuroanatomy and skills of tech-niques for histochemical study. Additionally, they will acquire the problem solving ability that is useful after graduation. Research subjectOutlook for researchOutlook for students after graduationAnatomy(Chief: Prof. Nanae Fukushima)Central olfactory tract of rat brain.Projection neurons (upper left), myelinated bers (lower left), and electron microscopic image of the tract (right).Neuromuscular junction of rat lower leg muscle.Axon terminals (left), acetylcholine receptors (middle), and merged image (right).“A man is as old as his arteries”For prediction and prevention of atherosclerotic diseaseSummary of ActivityOur goal is to elucidate the physiological, and pathophysiological mechanisms of vascular function and its disruption through investigating the biology of endotheli-al cells. In the process, we have found a key molecule, LOX-1, which might illustrate the pathophysiology of atherothrombotic disease. Since the vascular function is closely related to ageing-related malfunctioning of organs, the finding opened a new avenue for understanding ageing-related diseases. Based on the clues, we are developing novel diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic methods.・Biological significance of LOX-1 gene family・Screening of LOX-1 blocker to realize a novel therapeutics・Development of novel diagnostic technologies for clinical application of our research・Mechanism of ageing and ageing-related diseasesThe basic research has significance in itself, clarifying the mechanism of nature. Besides, important as well is the application of the novel knowledge and technologies to the future of medicine and people’s happiness. Our study is to contribute to medical diagnosis and therapeutics of lifestyle-related diseases, preventing ageing of vasculature and realizing healthy longevity. Participating in the research activity, students can learn what is to create medical value. The experience would be beneficial to contribute to create innovative products for medical diag-nosis and therapeutics. Research subjectOutlook for researchOutlook for students after graduationMolecular Pathophysiology(Chief: Prof. Tatsuya Sawamura)LOX-1 promotes each stage of arteriosclerotic disease.

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