信大医学部医学科研究紹介2019(英語版)
39/48

37From birthto the end of lifeSummary of ActivityObstetrics and Gynecology (ObGyn) encompasses 4 major academic fields: Obstetrics, Gynecologic On-cology, Reproductive Medicine, and Woman’s healthcare (Fig. 1). ObGyn is the medical field that supports women throughout their lifetime, from birth to the end of life. The uterus and ovaries, which are specific to females, markedly change throughout their lifetime. Pregnancy and delivery are the most dramatic chang-es, in which normal and abnormal conditions may sequentially occur. We want to obtain a clearer under-standing of these changes and diseases specific to women and also perform medical examinations using not only ObGyn, but also, for example, embryology, pathology, and diagnostic imaging.Although medical technologies have rapidly advanced, many issues have yet to be resolved. Among gy-necologic cancers, the morbidity and mortality of endometrial and ovarian cancers are rapidly increasing in Japan. Therefore, the mechanisms underlying endometrial and ovarian carcinogenesis/progression need to be elucidated and new treatment and preventive methods developed based on these mecha-nisms. Due to advances in perinatal medicine, Japan has become the safest country for pregnancy and delivery. However, the onset mechanisms of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), which markedly affect perinatal outcomes, remain unclear. Although advances in assisted reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) have also been achieved, many issues, such as increases in the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities and malformations, have to be overcome in the future.Each of our divisions are actively conducting research to address these issues. ▶Professor: Tanri Shiozawa, M.D., Ph.D.▶Divisions: 1. Gynecologic Cancer Group 2. Placenta Group 3. Reproduction GroupObstetrics and GynecologyProf. Tanri ShiozawaMembers of our DepartmentDiscovering new molecular targets!Gynecologic Cancer Group(Chief: Associate Prof. Tsutomu Miyamoto)Obstetrics and GynecologySummary of ActivityWe are conducting research to elucidate the genetic and biological mechanisms responsible for endometrial cancer (EMC) and ovarian cancer associated with endometriosis (OC-EMsis). We found that SIRT1, a well-known longevity gene, and LCN2, which is involved in iron transportation, are factors that enhance chemoresistance and accelerate the generation and progression of EMC and OC-Emsis (Fig. 2). Hence, we are continuing our research with the aim of de-veloping novel therapeutic methods that target these factors. We also conduct innovative research at our laboratory. Estrogen has commonly been regarded as a facilitator of endometrial carcinogenesis; however, we previously reported that estradiol may inhibit the generation of EMC. Furthermore, we clarified the rela-tionship between minimal deviation adenocarcinoma (MDA) and lobular endocer-vical glandular hyperplasia (LEGH), a benign lesion similar to MDA, and are the first to suggest a preoperative differential diagnosis method for these diseases.・Development of novel SIRT1-targeted therapy・Development of novel LCN2-targeted therapy・Development of novel CCNA-targeted therapy・Discovery of factors associated with the carcinogenesis of LEGHWe hope that our research results lead to the development of new preventive or therapeutic methods. Our aim is to reduce the incidence and improve the treatment outcomes of these cancers, while ensuring the preservation of fertility. After graduating and obtaining a Ph.D. degree, foreign students have returned to their own country or worked in the USA as postdoctoral fellows. Research subjectOutlook for researchOutlook for students after graduationMembers of the Gynecologic Cancer GroupSIRT1 knock-down by siRNA signifi-cantly reduced the proliferation of ES2 cells. (From Fig. 2 in Transl Oncol. 2017; 10: 621-631.)Dr. David H. Mvunta was a foreign graduate student from Tanzania (from 2013 to 2017). He worked hard and obtained a Ph.D. We were happy to work with him.

元のページ  ../index.html#39

このブックを見る