農学部研究紹介英語版2018-2019

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Laboratory of Molecular cell microbiology Akira HOSOMI Assistant Professor Keywords •Protein transport •Protein degradation •Yeast •Biochemistry •Molecular biology Eukaryotic cells contains complex membrane structure. Therefore, the cells use a sophisticated protein transport system. Recently, many papers reported “non-classical secretion pathway” in eukaryote. We found N-glycosylation on several signal peptide deleted proteins in yeast. Our main project is a clarification of non-classical secretory pathway in yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Studies on intracellular protein transport and secretion in yeast. (Non-classical secretory pathway) C D Yeast growth assay. Gene deletion mutants shows sensitivity. Imaging data (immunofluorescent staining) Integrated Bioscience Division Studies on intracellular protein degradation in yeast. (ER-associated degradation: ERAD) A B C D A C Applied studies of protein transport (secretion) for cancer research. Laboratory of Animal Developmental Genetics Tamao ONO Professor Teaching at Shinshu Univ. since1985. Key words: quail; chicken; development; breeding; genetics; avian biotechnology ◎ Utilization of avian germ cells ◎ Creation of new laboratory animal models for birds A B C D A B C ① Taking blood including primordial germ cells (future sperm or ova) from the early quail embryo ② Transfusing the blood to another embryo cultured in a surrogate hen’s eggshell ③ Growing in the surrogate hen’s eggshell ④ Hatching out of the normal looking quail but may contain transfused donor-derived germ cells ⑤ Donor-germ cell derived black hatchlings (right group) Integrated Bioscience Division Selected publications: Mizushima, S. et al. (2014) The birth of quail chicks after intracytoplasmic sperm injection, Development, 141: 3799-3806. Kato, A. et al. (2013) Culture system for bobwhite quail embryos from the blastoderm stage to hatching, Journal of Poultry Science, 50: 155-158. Ono, T. (2000) Ex ovo culture of avian embryos. In: Methods in Molecular Biology, (eds. Tuan, R. S. and Lo, C. W.) Humana Press Inc. pp. 39-46. More info: and < http://soar-rd.shinshu-u.ac.jp/profile/en.WFfCPpkh.html> ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ Avian primordial germ cells (PGCs) display a unique migration pathway toward their target gonad such as ovary or testis, during early development. As soon as the blood vessels form at early stage, PGCs start to circulate temporarily through the bloodstream, and then these PGCs have migrated into the gonad such as ovary or testis. This is the point! We can obtain donor-derived offspring if we transfuse the PGC-rich blood to another birds such as chicken and quail. It is useful technology to save endangered and important breed of bird. This is a challenging research should be done by animal biotechnology field. 2