農学部研究紹介2017-2018_英語版

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Weed Science LaboratoryOsamuWATANABEAssociateProfessorProfile : Experienced Gifu University, National Grassland Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization Researcher. Inordertoefficientlyproducecropsinthefield,itisnecessarytofindweedsearlyandappropriatemanagement.Weedsciencelaboratoryisworkingonelucidationofphysiologicalandecologicalcharacteristicsofweeds,analysisofdistributionpatterns,developmentofefficientobservationmethodsinthefield.Inthislaboratory,observationofcommunitiesbydroneaerialimagesandmeasurementofphotosyntheticparametersbychlorophyllfluorescencemeasurementarecarriedoutinthefield.Targetplantsareinvasivenativeweedsandforeignweedsthataffectecosystemsandagriculturalproduction.In order to efficiently investigate the distribution of invasive weeds, we developed the detection technology of target plants using the drone aerial images. Chlorophyll fluorescence measurement for evaluating the photosynthetic capacity of weed communities.Growth model of invasive weeds and elucidation of germination ecology.ABCDABC写真、図Field observation with drone and chlorophyll fluorescence measurement device写真、図Growth of invasive foreign weeds, processing of drone images, estimated map of weed occurrence areasDivision of Plant Science and ResourcesOHCOOHLaboratory of Plant PathologyShinpeiKATOUAssociateProfessorKeywords:Pest,Plantresistance,Salicylicacid,Pesticide,Molecularbreeding.Lossofcropproductionbypathogensisoneofmostseriousproblemsinagriculture.Laboratoryofplantpathologyaimstocreatenovelpest-controltechnologies.Forthispurpose,wearestudyingmolecularmechanismsunderlyingplantresistancetopathogenswithaspecialfocusonsalicylicacid(SA),aplantendogenoussignalingmoleculewhichregulatesplantdefenseresponse.ElucidationofmolecularmechanismsunderlyingSAbiosynthesisand/orsignalingcanleadtomolecularbreedingofapathogen-resistantplant,andtoproductionofanovelpesticidewhichissaferthancurrentones.ElucidationofmolecularmechanismsbywhichplantsproduceSAandresisttopathogensTrying to clarify SA synthesis mechanisms.Elucidationofmechanismsunderlyingenergy-savingstressresponsesofplantsMolecularbreedingofapathogen-resistantplantusingSAsynthesismechanismDivision of Plant Science and Resources(L)Salicylicacid(SA).(R)Wildtype(A)isresistant,butSA-deficientmutant(D)issusceptibletopathogen(PlantCell11:1393–1404,1999).Salicylic acidProductionofanSA-basednovelpesticidewhichissaferthancurrentones25