Effect of Physical Exercise on Hormones and Electrolytes in Essential Hypertension
【Supercategory：7. DESCENTE SPORTS SCIENCE Subcategory：7.3 Vol.3】
The present study was designed to investigate an effect of physical exercise on hormones and electrolytes in blood and urine in essential hypertension.
Subjects in this experiment were five male volunteers with higher blood pressure, they were diagnosed essential hypertension in the medical examinations, as an experimental group (E group) and five healthy male volunteers as a control group (C group).
A mean age was 46.6±5.1 years in E group and 41.2±6.5 years in C group. There were no significant differences of height and body weight between E and C group.
The experiment was initiated at 9 A.M. after an overnight fast. After 30 min rest, subjects exercised on a treadmill for 20 minutes at 7 kilometer per hour. The angles of treadmill was horizontal. Oxygen consumption and heart rate were monitored during exercise. Before, 3 and 30 min after exercise, blood pressuie were measured and about ten milliters of blood were withdrawn from the brachial vein.
Urine samples were collected 30 min before, during, and 30 min after exercise.
The results obtained in the present study were as follows:
1) The mean systolic pressure increased from 133.2±9.4 mmHg at pre-exercise to 149.8±12.8 mmHg immediately after exercise in E group and from 112.8±4.0 to 132.8±15.1 mmHg in C group.
Although the diastolic pressure at post-exercise in C group significantly decreased, in E group increased from 86.2±6.1 at pre-exercise to 90.6±5.8 mmHg at post-exercise.
2) High levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, uric acid, angiotensin II and aldosterone in blood were observed at pre-exercise in E group.
Sodium and potassium output in urine at pre-exercise in E group were lesser than C group. There were no differences of catecholamine output in urine at rest between E and C group.
3) Heart rate during exercise were 138.8±16.2 beats/min in E group and 136.8±12.9 beats/min in C group.
4) Oxygen consumption during exercise were 28.4±3.0 ml/kg/min in E group and 29.0±2.6 ml/kg/min in C group.
5) Plasma angiotensin II and aldosterone tended to increase after exercise in both groups. The greater increase in both plasma angiotensin II and aldosterone were observed in E group.
6) Significant decrease in urine volume, creatinine clearance and sodium output in urine were observed after exercise only in E group.
7) Adrenaline and noradrenaline output in urine in response to exercise did not change in both groups.
The different cardiovascular responses to physical exercise in E group must be caused by abnormal secretion of angiotensin II and aldosterone.
Mechanisms of these different responses to exercise are unclear. But, it is essential to clear mechanisms of different responses in cardiovascular, hormones and electrolytes to physical exercise in hypertension.
Based on the selected parameters obtained in this study, heavy exercise may cause a disturbance of cardiovascular response in hypertension.
DESCENTE SPORTS SCIENCE Vol.3/THE DESCENTE AND ISHIMOTO MEMORIAL FOUNDATION FOR THE PROMOTION SPORTS SCIENCE
Subjects in this experiment were five male volunteers with higher blood pressure, they were diagnosed essential hypertension in the medical examinations, as an experimental group (E group) and five healthy male volunteers as a control group (C group).
A mean age was 46.6±5.1 years in E group and 41.2±6.5 years in C group. There were no significant differences of height and body weight between E and C group.
The experiment was initiated at 9 A.M. after an overnight fast. After 30 min rest, subjects exercised on a treadmill for 20 minutes at 7 kilometer per hour. The angles of treadmill was horizontal. Oxygen consumption and heart rate were monitored during exercise. Before, 3 and 30 min after exercise, blood pressuie were measured and about ten milliters of blood were withdrawn from the brachial vein.
Urine samples were collected 30 min before, during, and 30 min after exercise.
The results obtained in the present study were as follows:
1) The mean systolic pressure increased from 133.2±9.4 mmHg at pre-exercise to 149.8±12.8 mmHg immediately after exercise in E group and from 112.8±4.0 to 132.8±15.1 mmHg in C group.
Although the diastolic pressure at post-exercise in C group significantly decreased, in E group increased from 86.2±6.1 at pre-exercise to 90.6±5.8 mmHg at post-exercise.
2) High levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, uric acid, angiotensin II and aldosterone in blood were observed at pre-exercise in E group.
Sodium and potassium output in urine at pre-exercise in E group were lesser than C group. There were no differences of catecholamine output in urine at rest between E and C group.
3) Heart rate during exercise were 138.8±16.2 beats/min in E group and 136.8±12.9 beats/min in C group.
4) Oxygen consumption during exercise were 28.4±3.0 ml/kg/min in E group and 29.0±2.6 ml/kg/min in C group.
5) Plasma angiotensin II and aldosterone tended to increase after exercise in both groups. The greater increase in both plasma angiotensin II and aldosterone were observed in E group.
6) Significant decrease in urine volume, creatinine clearance and sodium output in urine were observed after exercise only in E group.
7) Adrenaline and noradrenaline output in urine in response to exercise did not change in both groups.
The different cardiovascular responses to physical exercise in E group must be caused by abnormal secretion of angiotensin II and aldosterone.
Mechanisms of these different responses to exercise are unclear. But, it is essential to clear mechanisms of different responses in cardiovascular, hormones and electrolytes to physical exercise in hypertension.
Based on the selected parameters obtained in this study, heavy exercise may cause a disturbance of cardiovascular response in hypertension.
DESCENTE SPORTS SCIENCE Vol.3/THE DESCENTE AND ISHIMOTO MEMORIAL FOUNDATION FOR THE PROMOTION SPORTS SCIENCE
| Researcher | Masatoshi Shiota*1, Masato Suzuki*1, Satio Ikawa*1, Mikio Ono*2 |
|---|---|
| University or institution | *1 Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, *2 Kidney Center, Tokyo Women's Medical College |
Keywords
physical exercise, hormones, electrolytes in blood and urine, essential hypertension, cardiovascular responses