Although considerable time and research efforts have been devoted to studies on requirements and composition of sports food, it seems to us that individual player of many sports events does not provided with adequate meals as matters new stand. The purpose of this paper is to present the utilizable documents for providing athletes of various gams, of either individuals or groups, with dietetically suitable meals. The studies are composed of three parts.
　1. On the group feeding and its dietetic management for the athletes in the training camp.
　Several groups of athletes, track and field sports, shooting, modern pentathlon, wrestling, weight-lifting, boxing and swimming, at the Physical Training School of the Self-Defense Force were selected as the subjects of this survey. They were provided well-managed reasonable meals as a group during training period. Notwithstanding the creditable provision, most of subjects showed negative balance in caloric consumption and intake. Their protein intake was below the required level. These nutritional defects may be due to poor appetite caused by over-training, shorter mealtime, individual preference for taste, etc. It was suggested that coaching for eating behavior, as well as training, is necessary.
　2. On the nutritional effects of rapid weight reduction in the athletes of weight-in-system sports.
　Boxers and wrestlers, whose body weight should be reduced about 10% in relatively short period of time, were selected as the subjects, and nutritional surveys were performed during weight reduction and recovery periods. Their energy balance was slightly negative during the period of weight reduction. Weight loss by the reduction of diet was not estimated to be large. Negative body water and nitrogen balance were observed during reduction period. Weight loss was thought mainly to be due to reduction of body fluid resulted from the restricted drinking water and vigorous sweating. Nutrients unbalance, especially lower rate in protein, fat and iron, were observed in their reduced diets. As far as the average food composition in recovery period was concerned, not so marked deficiency was observed, but personal deviation in their intakes were distinct. From the results, it is suggested that their body conditions with high physical strength would recover to the normal level more quickly and completely by better balanced combination of food intake.
　3. On the nutritional effects of prolonged severe physical activities with food and water restriction and sleep deprivation in the rangers.
　The subjects, who were selected from the member of the ranger training group of the Ground Self-Defense Force, were given severe ranger activities in a mountainous region under the condition of caloric and water restriction and sleep deprivation for a period of 3 days and 21 hours (93 hours) continuously. Body weight, body fat and total body water decreased significantly after the activities of 93 hours. 80% of weight loss was due to the water reduction and 20%, fat reduction. Decrease in TG, increase in BUN and NEFA were observed and it is suggested that the lipid metabolism was increased strongly during the activities. Daily mean caloric consumption, estimated from the mean heart rate, reached to a level of about 8,000 kcal/day during the activities. The mean work load during all through activities was estimated at about 34% of their maximum oxygen consumption. From the results obtained, the ranger activities in the present investigation were thought to be near to limit of the human physical capacity. It is recommended for the safety training that a reserved drinking water and food must be prepared for a prevention against critical dehydration and exhaustion.

DESCENTE SPORTS SCIENCE Vol.9/THE DESCENTE AND ISHIMOTO MEMORIAL FOUNDATION FOR THE PROMOTION SPORTS SCIENCE