The Effects of Age and Obesity on Net Energy Expenditure Estimated from Distance and Body Weight
【Supercategory：7. DESCENTE SPORTS SCIENCE Subcategory：7.14 Vol.14】
We recommended the following formula to calculate a net energy expenditure (that is, excluding resting metabolism) in 1989.
1) walking exercise (kcal) = distance (km) × body weight (kg) × 1/2
2) running exercise (kcal) = distance (km) × body weight (kg)
3) aerobic exercise (kcal) = HR (beats/min) × time (min) × constant
constant = METSmax × body weight (kg) × 0.015 / HRmax
HRmax = −0.8 × age + 216
In this paper, the significant effects of age and obesity on the energy estimating formula were observed in males, aged 9 〜 45 years and 9.1 〜 31.6% of body fat. The summary of the results is shown below :
1) At a slower walking speed than the mean speed (70 m / min) in adults, the measured net energy expenditure was in accordance with the estimated value because the oxygen requirement was approximately 0.1 ml O₂ / kg・m. At a faster walking speed, the net energy expenditure was higher (+20kcal / 4km walk) than the estimated value.
2) Concerning the measured walk in child (10 year-old males) although oxygen requirement that was measured 0.138 ml O₂ / kg・m was higher than that in adult, the net energy expenditure difference between the measured and the estimated was equal in adults because of children's light weight.
3) The effects of body mass and obesity on estimated net energy expenditure were not observed during walking.
4) The net energy expenditure during running was higher +10 kcal / 4 km run (+7%) than the estimated value for children only. Whereas, at a higher running speed than the mean speed (110 m / min) in adults, the energy expenditure was in accordance with the estimated value because the oxygen requirement was approximately 0.2 ml O₂ / kg・m. At a slower running speed, the energy expenditure was lower -20 kcal / 4 km run (-7%) than the estimated value.
5) Though the effect of obesity on the estimated energy ex-penditure was not observed during running, the phenomenon that net energy expenditure was lower than the estimated value at slower running was notable according to the increase of body mass.
6) We calculated A value (net energy = HRex・time・METSmax・body weight・A / HRmax) to estimate energy expenditure using heart rate. A value in adult and child is 0.015 and 0.013, respectively, except for using A / 2 at under 50%HRmax of work intensity.
7) The constant value of energy estimating formula will be clearly evident from the results in this paper. If the running speed and heart rate are measured at a steady speed of 150 m / min, the next formula can be used.
constant = 0.193 (ml O₂ / kg・m) × 0.005 (kcal / ml O₂) × running speed (m / min) × body weight (kg) / HRex (beats / min)
DESCENTE SPORTS SCIENCE Vol.14/THE DESCENTE AND ISHIMOTO MEMORIAL FOUNDATION FOR THE PROMOTION SPORTS SCIENCE
1) walking exercise (kcal) = distance (km) × body weight (kg) × 1/2
2) running exercise (kcal) = distance (km) × body weight (kg)
3) aerobic exercise (kcal) = HR (beats/min) × time (min) × constant
constant = METSmax × body weight (kg) × 0.015 / HRmax
HRmax = −0.8 × age + 216
In this paper, the significant effects of age and obesity on the energy estimating formula were observed in males, aged 9 〜 45 years and 9.1 〜 31.6% of body fat. The summary of the results is shown below :
1) At a slower walking speed than the mean speed (70 m / min) in adults, the measured net energy expenditure was in accordance with the estimated value because the oxygen requirement was approximately 0.1 ml O₂ / kg・m. At a faster walking speed, the net energy expenditure was higher (+20kcal / 4km walk) than the estimated value.
2) Concerning the measured walk in child (10 year-old males) although oxygen requirement that was measured 0.138 ml O₂ / kg・m was higher than that in adult, the net energy expenditure difference between the measured and the estimated was equal in adults because of children's light weight.
3) The effects of body mass and obesity on estimated net energy expenditure were not observed during walking.
4) The net energy expenditure during running was higher +10 kcal / 4 km run (+7%) than the estimated value for children only. Whereas, at a higher running speed than the mean speed (110 m / min) in adults, the energy expenditure was in accordance with the estimated value because the oxygen requirement was approximately 0.2 ml O₂ / kg・m. At a slower running speed, the energy expenditure was lower -20 kcal / 4 km run (-7%) than the estimated value.
5) Though the effect of obesity on the estimated energy ex-penditure was not observed during running, the phenomenon that net energy expenditure was lower than the estimated value at slower running was notable according to the increase of body mass.
6) We calculated A value (net energy = HRex・time・METSmax・body weight・A / HRmax) to estimate energy expenditure using heart rate. A value in adult and child is 0.015 and 0.013, respectively, except for using A / 2 at under 50%HRmax of work intensity.
7) The constant value of energy estimating formula will be clearly evident from the results in this paper. If the running speed and heart rate are measured at a steady speed of 150 m / min, the next formula can be used.
constant = 0.193 (ml O₂ / kg・m) × 0.005 (kcal / ml O₂) × running speed (m / min) × body weight (kg) / HRex (beats / min)
DESCENTE SPORTS SCIENCE Vol.14/THE DESCENTE AND ISHIMOTO MEMORIAL FOUNDATION FOR THE PROMOTION SPORTS SCIENCE
| Researcher | Yasutaka Kobayashi*1, Toshitada Yoshioka*1, Hiromichi Anno*2, Hiroshi Kiyota*2 |
|---|---|
| University or institution | *1 Department of Physiology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, *2 Nippon College of Physical Education |
Keywords
net energy expenditure, walking, running, aerobic, age, obesity, oxygen requirement, heart rate