How to Improve Physical Capacities in The Elderly
【Supercategory：7. DESCENTE SPORTS SCIENCE Subcategory：7.25 Vol.25】
It has been well-known that decreased physical capacities, decreased physical fitness and metabolic disturbances such as glucose intolerance, hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance are induced by aging. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of home-based resistance training on the decreased physical and metabolic conditions in the elderly and to establish the exercise prescription for the improvement of physical activities in the elderly. Following studies were performed.
Two hundred eleven healthy aged subjects participated in home-based resistance training programs for 3 months. Before and after the training program physical fitness and blood glucose and lipid metabolism were estimated. Another 24 aged diabetic patients received physical exercise training course consisting of 3 times physical education. Before and after each training program blood glucose was determined and before and after the training course physical and blood chemical examinations were carried out. Paper questionnaires were also performed after the training course. Results obtained were as follows;
1) Among 136 healthy aged subjects after resistance training, total cholesterol levels didn't changed (226±32→224±32mg/dl), HDL-cholesterol concentrations significantly increased (60±14→62±15mg/dl, p<0.001) and triglyceride levels significantly decreased (125±70→111±55mg/dl, p<0.05). In 75 hypercholesterolemic (≧220mg/dl) patients, total cholesterol levels significantly decreased (248±21→239±29mg/dl, p<0.05) after resistance training. However no significant changes were observed in fasting plasma glucose, insulin concentrations and HOMA-IR after resistance training. In order to estimate insulin sensitivity, euglycemic clamp studies were performed in 3 subjects. Glucose infusion rate (GIR) increased from 5.7±7.7 to 7.7±3.2mg/kg/min after resistance training.
2) Among 75 aged healthy subjects, flexibilities of extremities and physical balance maintaining capacities were improved after home-based resistance training.
3) Among 24 aged diabetic patients, blood glucose concentrations decreased immediately after physical exercise. However no significant changes were observed in physical examinations and blood chemical data after 6 months of training course. It is remarkable that 90% of the patients continued physical exercise after 6 months of training course. In conclusion, home-based resistance training programs were effective for the improvement of physical capacities in the elderly people and have beneficial effects for the prevention and the treatment of lifestyle related diseases such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis.
DESCENTE SPORTS SCIENCE Vol.25/THE DESCENTE AND ISHIMOTO MEMORIAL FOUNDATION FOR THE PROMOTION SPORTS SCIENCE
Two hundred eleven healthy aged subjects participated in home-based resistance training programs for 3 months. Before and after the training program physical fitness and blood glucose and lipid metabolism were estimated. Another 24 aged diabetic patients received physical exercise training course consisting of 3 times physical education. Before and after each training program blood glucose was determined and before and after the training course physical and blood chemical examinations were carried out. Paper questionnaires were also performed after the training course. Results obtained were as follows;
1) Among 136 healthy aged subjects after resistance training, total cholesterol levels didn't changed (226±32→224±32mg/dl), HDL-cholesterol concentrations significantly increased (60±14→62±15mg/dl, p<0.001) and triglyceride levels significantly decreased (125±70→111±55mg/dl, p<0.05). In 75 hypercholesterolemic (≧220mg/dl) patients, total cholesterol levels significantly decreased (248±21→239±29mg/dl, p<0.05) after resistance training. However no significant changes were observed in fasting plasma glucose, insulin concentrations and HOMA-IR after resistance training. In order to estimate insulin sensitivity, euglycemic clamp studies were performed in 3 subjects. Glucose infusion rate (GIR) increased from 5.7±7.7 to 7.7±3.2mg/kg/min after resistance training.
2) Among 75 aged healthy subjects, flexibilities of extremities and physical balance maintaining capacities were improved after home-based resistance training.
3) Among 24 aged diabetic patients, blood glucose concentrations decreased immediately after physical exercise. However no significant changes were observed in physical examinations and blood chemical data after 6 months of training course. It is remarkable that 90% of the patients continued physical exercise after 6 months of training course. In conclusion, home-based resistance training programs were effective for the improvement of physical capacities in the elderly people and have beneficial effects for the prevention and the treatment of lifestyle related diseases such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis.
DESCENTE SPORTS SCIENCE Vol.25/THE DESCENTE AND ISHIMOTO MEMORIAL FOUNDATION FOR THE PROMOTION SPORTS SCIENCE
| Researcher | Yuzo Sato*1, Masaru Nagasaki*1, Kiyoshi Shimaoka*2, Mizuho Tokudome*2 |
|---|---|
| University or institution | *1 Department of Health Science, Faculty of Psychological and Physical Science, Aichi Gakuin University, *2 Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness and Sports, Nagoya University |
Keywords
physical fitness, metabolic disturbances, glucose intolerance, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, aging, elderly, resistance training