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come under severe scrutiny.However Tim Cook became Chief Executive in 2011 and many changes have occurred which have had a major impact on how the company acts towards sustainability and is perceived to do so by its former critics. He recruited the former head of the US Environmental Protection Agency (Lisa Jackson) to lead Apple’s environmental initiatives. Among the new initiatives are a new environmental website, setting out its climate commitments and achievements. It offers free recycling of all its used products and vows to power all of its stores, offices and data centers with renewable energy. Tim Cook emphasizes that innovation at Apple means not just building better products, but building them in a way that also protects the environment and addresses climate change. This includes the goal of powering its data centers with 100% renewable energy, and Apple is ahead of many other companies with similar goals in actually achieving it.3.2 Unilever’s Paul PolmanPaul Polman took over as Chief Executive in 2009. His overt objective of challenging the corporate status quo towards a sustainable international business is unusual in setting very challenging objectives in all 3 pillars of sustainable development (economic, environment and social). On the economic front, the short-term thinking of financial institutions has thwarted many 66

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